Media Violence and Its Influence on Children - 546 Words

Some of the violence found in teens and children increase each year because of all the violence parents let their children watch. Letting children play or see to much violent things can harm them later. Violence today is not just cause by media, theres a lot of other reason violence is increasing this days, but media is one of the top reasons.Violence from media is more found in children and teens. Violence found in children and teens could be increasing because of the influence of movies and TV shows, video games, and social media. Violence found in Movies and TV shows could give inappropriate ideas to children and teens to have unsuitable behavior. Movies and TV shows that contain violence could make teens and children feel like they can do anything, and could end up hurting others or themselves . If younger children are exposed to visual media violence, such as the movie Freedom Writers, could cause a lot of damage because of all the shooting. Some movies and TV shows got delay after the shooting in Connecticut. It is found that a younger person would most likely act like their favorite character in a movie or show (Anderson 28). For that fact, movies and TV shows’ young viewers could be involved in shootings and come across illegal substances. That could be one of the causes of the increase of today’s violence. Obama said he would try to do everything in his power to prevent tragedies such as these from happening (Edmund A6). Video games that containsShow MoreRelatedDoes Media Influence Violence in the Behavior of Children? Essay2042 Words   |  9 PagesEarly Childhood Studies Does media influence violence in the behaviour of children? In this assignment, I will be writing about whether or not media such as television, comic books, music, video games, internet and movies influence violence in the way children behaves. Media influences violent behaviour in children because they learn what they see, also the heroes in cartoons or movies receive rewards for using violence to solve a situation therefore children might think or believe that thisRead MoreInfluence of Family Values, Violence and Media Upon Children Essays1949 Words   |  8 Pagesbehavior and cycles of abuse affect childhood development. Traditions and morals give the foundation and support that children need to understand boundaries. Love, family time, and structure provide a cornerstone for children to thrive. At the same time, neglect, abuse and expose to violence create the child’s blueprint for life. To what extent does the â€Å"family† shape the values of children today? Parental involvement and discipline help mold the child’s decisions regarding violent actions. In today’sRead MoreEssay on Media Has a Negative Influence on Children649 Words   |  3 PagesThe media is a part of everyday life in American kids. Children are surrounded by technology, entertainment, and other media that is full of violence. Newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and the internet all contain violence. Todays media has a negative influence on children. The media does have an influence on them, but does it really influence them to act out even though they know its wrong? Mass media, and its components, are very powerful and can influence ones mind, as well as theirRead MoreJuvenile Crime and the Influence of Media Violence1463 Words   |  6 PagesJuvenile Crime and the Influence of Media Violence With several arguments for both sides can we truly determine if there is only one main role in juvenile crime? There are many statistics that show there is a higher aggression level formed in people who watched a great deal of violent television or played violent video games as a child. People must begin to consider that there are several contributors to youth crime and violence. Youth crime is often fueled by media violence and can depend on howRead MoreThe Effect of Violence in Media on Children Essay1676 Words   |  7 Pages In the book Critique of Violence ,author Walter describes Violence as The intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, male development, or deprivation .The violence that is portrayed in the media has been debated for decades ,and it has rose a question about how does it influence the youth?. From movies toRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children974 Words   |  4 Pagesmany kinds of media, like Internet, video game, television and film. It is generally believed that some of the bad information such as violent content in the media can have a negative effect on people, and it can end up causing some social problem. It is clear that children are more likely to be influenced by media violence than other age groups because of their world outlook and personality are not formed. Furthermore i s if media violence does have some profound influence on children, this will leadRead MoreSex And Violence In The Media Influence Teen Behavior.1405 Words   |  6 PagesSex and Violence in the Media Influence Teen Behavior In the 21st Century Sex and Violence in the media has had a good and bad impact on our society. It is very common around the world that many kids are exposed to violence or some type of sexual activity rather in household or in the media. The media has become a common reason as to why violence occur. Teenagers in the 21st century are exposed to more sexuality and violence than ever. Being exposed to sex and violence has had a bad impact on teensRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On People1388 Words   |  6 Pagesof Media Violence on People Media violence impacts the physical aggression of human beings. It is one of the many potential factors that influence the risk for violence and aggression. Research has proven that aggression in children will cause the likelihood of aggression in their adulthood. Theories have evolved that the violence present in the media most likely teaches the viewer to be more violent. It is a risky behavior that is established from the childhood. Furthermore, media violence is aRead MoreMedia Influences our Children1181 Words   |  5 PagesMedia Effect on Today’s Youth Media plays a strong hand in the development of a child in society. Youth are easily influenced and could think actions of unsavory morals are appropriate because it was in media. This is a major problem today as the news make reports of children intentionally committing crimes as big as murder. Children are experimenting with drugs and alcohol at an earlier age and there is even a show dedicated to teen moms on MTV. Of course, media is not the only force at fault hereRead MoreMedia Violence Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesMedia Violence Media violence is one of the most debated public issues society faces today. Television screens are loaded with the glamorization of weapon carrying. Violence constitute as amusing and trivialized. Needless portrayals of interpersonal violence spread across the television screens like wild fire. Televisions spew the disturbing events such as children being assaulted, husbands inflicting domestic abuse on their wives and children succumbing to abuse by their parents. Scenes of betrayal

Legalizing Same Sex Marriage Is Not The End Of The Fight...

On June 26, 2015, the Supreme Court of the United States declared all state-level bans against same-sex marriage unconstitutional, legalizing same-sex marriage all over the nation. While this ruling was a huge victory for the gay rights movement, it was not the end of the fight for equal gay rights. In fact, many gay people are still fighting for adoption rights, job safety, and government protections from abuse and segregation. Unfortunately, it is very difficult to find solutions for a significant social issue such as gay rights when both sides of the debate are in a stubborn gridlock. However, the conversation about that issue can be reinvigorated if people from opposing sides are exposed to fresh perspectives they had not considered before, paving the way for possible compromises. One way this can be achieved is with the help of a human belief system that is common to both sides of the social issue, such as Christianity. Because Christianity has millions of followers on both side s of the debate on homosexuality, it has a direct influence on many people’s views of homosexual individuals. Therefore, it can be used to reshape the currently intractable and conflicting discourse on gay rights in the United States in order to stimulate more productive discussion about homophobia and foster cooperation on both sides of the issue. Christianity’s size and influence are so vast that it affects not only Christians, but also atheists and people of different faiths, making it anShow MoreRelatedRedefining Marriage in Our Country1390 Words   |  6 PagesStates. Gay marriage will have an effect on the country, and the people need to decide whether it will be a positive or negative outcome. â€Å"When you talk about redefining marriage, youre really talking about an overthrow of this natural order or natural law, because marriage is something that predates government. So this is a big deal, a once-in-a-lifetime debate about whether to overturn the natural o rder upon which our rights are based† (Masci 1). The societal risks of legalizing gay marriage far outweighRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legal?1183 Words   |  5 PagesOf course gay marriage affects society is several ways. Society has always looked upon gay marriage as between a man and a woman, by legalizing same-sex marriage the traditional idea of marriage is revised. If same-sex marriage is legal, should it be taught about in schools? Matt Stick asks interesting questions in his article â€Å"How could gay marriage harm anyone?† He brings up the question of â€Å"If a parent objects to a school teaching pro-homosexuality and pulls his child out of school and becauseRead MoreEssay about Gay Marriage and the Government1712 Words   |  7 PagesIn recent years, the debate over same-sex marriage has grown into a nationwide controversy, reverberating into the halls of congress, at the white house, in dozens of state and legislature and courtrooms, and in the rhet oric of election campaigns at both the national and state levels. As the debate rages on, the American religious community remains deeply divided over the issue, and over the morality of homosexuality. The debate has grown from an issue that occasionally arose in a few states to aRead MoreThe Legalization Of Same Sex Marriage938 Words   |  4 PagesRights To All Most people believe that they deserve the rights they are granted by the government. A citizen who pays their taxes, serves their community and abides by the law should be afforded the same rights as any American. However, not all citizens are afforded equal rights. Lesbians, gays, bi-sexual, and transgender (LGBT) are consistently denied rights that are typically taken for granted by the average American. Specifically, gay and lesbians couples are denied the right to marry even ifRead MoreThe Fight For Equal Rights For Same Sex Marriages Across The United States1393 Words   |  6 PagesThe Fight for Equal Rights for Same-Sex Marriages across the United States Having one loving parent is good. Having two loving parents is great. Having a mother and a father is traditional. Having two mothers or two fathers is wrong. This is what we are told to believe but as we learn from our past and grow as a society, we start to look for positive change in which our values are challenged and the truth becomes clear. It is not right to take away the basic rights of a person because ofRead More The Gay Marriage Controversy Essays2427 Words   |  10 PagesMarriage has been an important part of life since the Biblical times. It usually consists of the union of a man and a woman, but for gays and lesbians, it is the union of two men and two women. On June 26, 2015, the US Supreme Court ruled that the US Constitution guarantees the right for same-sex couples to marry. Many conservatives are completely against gay marriage and they have stated that they will fight to have the Supreme Court ruling overturned. Legalizing gay marriage is a very difficultRead MoreGay Marriage Is The Same Way?1389 Words   |  6 PagesGay Marriage in America â€Å"Gay marriage won t be more of an issue 25 years from now than interracial marriage is† Jared Polis. This quote, I believe is extremely truthful. Interracial marriage has been legal ever since 1967, that was forty seven years ago. In this day of age interracial marriage is not a big deal. No one really makes a fuss about a black man and a white woman getting married, but pre 1967 interracial marriage was illegal and not right what-so-ever. Black people were lynched for evenRead MoreEssay about Gay Marriage Should be Legal Despite Being Immoral910 Words   |  4 Pages2015, the US Supreme Court ruled that the US Constitution guarantees the right for same-sex couples to marry. Many conservatives are completely against gay marriage and they have stated that they will fight to have the Supreme Court ruling overturned. There are a number of reasons opponents to gay marriage argue that the Supreme Court has made a huge mistake . First, certain religious interpretations mai ntain that gay marriage is sinful. Fortunately, our country is not a theocracy and public policyRead MoreEquality Does Not Mean Equity : Gay Marriage Rights1891 Words   |  8 PagesEquality Does Not Mean Equity: Gay Marriage Rights Today, is known as a joyous or radiant matter to some but a disgraceful or even a sinful issue to others. Equality and equity are two important terms that are often confused and misused. Both of these terms are used to illustrate justice and creating fairness in societies today, but for some reason, these words are often misunderstood. Equality is known as another meaning for sameness and equal treatment. Equity is known as another meaning for fairnessRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Essay877 Words   |  4 PagesSame Sex Marriage! There are many different views and opinions on the relationship between a man and a woman vs. the relationship between a man and a man or a woman and a woman for that matter. Same-sex marriage is a big issue in the United States, many are against it however; many are for it. If you do your research, you can find many negative and positive reasons for which society thinks it should be legal or illegal. What people fail to realize, is that what matters in a marriage is love. Marriage

Robotics Free Essays

string(131) " a safe work setting for employees, as they take the place of them in hazardous settings, but they can also bring safety problems\." Introduction Robotics has revolutionized the way industries operate, the way items are built, and the way society lives. Robotics is a fairly new technological advance that has made lives easier, and has provided a breakthrough for many operations and businesses. In a way, robotics is the future for businesses as well as the future of mankind. We will write a custom essay sample on Robotics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Like any other type of technology, robotics can be used in various industries, has advantages and disadvantages, and has a long history of how it came about. There are many aspects of robotics to be considered which include educational fields that one can choose, and the types of applications and industries robotics is found in. Safety is an important concept and part of robotics, especially because of its complexity. Being well educated in the field of robotics can play an important role on safety as well. This field can greatly reduce the workload and can increase the productivity in many companies, no matter how big or small. Robotics is the future, and embracing it will help in the future success of businesses. History of Robotics The actual word robot was made popular by an author in his 1921 play. This author claims that his brother was the inventor of the word, which comes from the Czech word â€Å"robota† meaning servitude. Robots were first used in factories such as industrial companies, where these would fix machines in order to handle manufacturing tasks that facilitated the production and assisted humans in their everyday tasks. Robots such as industrial robots that used artificial intelligence have actually been around since the 60’s. After the 1950’s computers along with robotics started to increase in popularity as well as complexity and numbers as technology also began to advance. In 1961, the first industrial robot was built to work on the General Motors assembly line, and this machine was conceived in 1954 by George Devol and was called Unimate. The name was given because the robot was manufactured by a company called Unimation. Unimate is to this day remembered as the first industrial robot ever built. After the first robot was built, many others started to come around, and in 1971 the first icroprocessor called 4004 was created by Ted Hoff at Intel. Many other creations began to follow such as programming language called Prolog, which became the basic language in the field of artificial intelligence, then came the first industrial robot with six electromechanic axes, then the silver arm, capable of replicating human hands. Currently, robots are used to monitor outer space. In April of 2001, the Canad arm2, which was attached to the space station, was launched into orbit. This robot was a much larger and more capable version of a previously used arm. Another break though in the robotics field made it to stores in 2002. The Roomba, a robotic vacuum cleaner manufactured by the company iRobot became quite popular during this time. The most recent robotic creation was the Robonaut 2, which is the latest generation of astronaut helpers that was launched into the space station on the STS-133 mission. This is the first humanoid robot in space. Some of its features included showing engineers how robots actually behave in space so they could work on upgrades and possible advances that would assist spacewalkers perform their scientific work. Google also came out with robotic vehicles, called Google driveless cars, which became famous in 2010. These robotic vehicles had drivers behind the wheels in case of an emergency, and drove to various places while taking pictures of their surroundings. Unimate Google Images4004 Google Images Canadarm2 Google ImagesThe Roomba Google Images Robonaut 2 – Google ImagesGoogle’s Driveless Car Google Images Advantages Robotics as any other industry and profession has advantages and disadvantages. Business decisions usually come with pros and cons especially when it coms to automating the rocess of production by using industrial robots. Companies need to first take time and consider all the facts before deciding to add robots to their departments, especially when these can bring advantages and disadvantages in the process. Some of the advantages that robots can bring to companies is the fact that the quality of work is excellent. Industrial robots have the capabilities to impr ove the quality of production. Some of the applications performed by robots are more precise than those performed by humans and are more consistent in their quality as well. This igh level of quality and consistency is harder to obtain in any other way besides using robots. In production of products by using robots the speed of their outputs has a dramatic impact in the overall production of products. Robots are built to work at constant speeds without needing sleep, vacations, breaks, and they even produce more than any human worker. Safety is one of the other advantages found in the use of robots. Robots increase the safety in the workplace as these can perform in dangerous environments and hazardous settings, giving the opportunity to umans to move the supervisory roles and away from hazardous environments. Robots also have the advantage of proving savings for companies. Being able to provide a safe workplace, robots can bring financial savings to companies as these will incur le ss worker compensation fees, no healthcare or insurance payments, and robots also perform at higher levels with a fraction of the effort. Disadvantages Robots also have disadvantages that need to be considered. Investing in a robot can be costly, especially if the business owner has a budget to work with. The cost of automating the roduction by using robots needs to be calculated into the business’ financial budget. The maintenance of the robot should also be calculated to avoid future surprises or bills. When it comes to robots, programming and interaction are required, as with new employees hiring and training is also a requirement. This programming and interaction can become costly depending on the time invested. Robots can also provide a safe work setting for employees, as they take the place of them in hazardous settings, but they can also bring safety problems. You read "Robotics" in category "Essay examples" Their only presence can be the cause of hazard for workers as well. Advantages |Disadvantages | |You can send them to very dangerous places |You need to get people trained to fix them if anything wrong | | |happens | |You can make them do you’re job for you |Need a very intelligent crew | |They are more accurate than humans Eg no shaking when in a |They can ruin peoples lives Eg Take their job away from them | |very important surgery, puts every screw in fabricating a car| | |etc. | |Can do jobs 24/7 |They are very expensive to make | |Can guard without being tired just keep doing the same thing |You need the right materials to make them, that could be very| |24/7 |rare | |No need of nutrients |If you make a very amazing robot with amazing quality and it | | |brakes, it might be very hard to fix | |You can program them to make them do exactly what you want |They can be very hard to program | |them to do | | |They can not harm you unless they are programmed to |They can reproduce but it could cost money for the materials | |Can w ork with out doubts Eg when you think â€Å"what do i do |They can reproduce but it could cost money for the materials | |now†? | |They can lift very heavy things |You need highly trained people to make them | | |They can not recharge themselves | (â€Å"Advantages and disadvantages,† ). Industries Robotics falls into three major industries including manufacturing, service and defense. These industries will also generate jobs such as technical engineering, software, testing and many others. Because robotics is such a complex field, and no one person can manage knowing every aspect of it, this is known to be a collaborative field. Basically, robotics requires a lot of team work and discipline to achieve all the required tasks in providing a successful product. This is a great advantage as segments of robotics seem to be growing fast. One industry in particular as been the service industry, which has seen tremendous growth over the last decade. Robots are being used mor e frequently in manufacturing, where these help create jobs. Robots also help control quality of products and maintain that quality high. Currently, the highest percentage of robotics is seen in the United States, where about 60 percent of the service industry and 80 percent of the military industry are located. The largest manufacturers of robotics, however, are still in Germany and Japan. Service Industry Google ImagesMilitary Industry Google Images Robotics and Education Currently the robotics industry is growing rapidly, and if people do not already own a robot, they will very soon. This industry is growing in various ways such as size and sales, as well as creating growth around itself. It has been found in recent research that the robotics industry is expected to generate over one million new jobs over the next five years. One great way to get involved in the field of robotics is to sign up for the First Robotics Competition. This is a good first step, especially for those under 18 years of age. By getting involved in the competition, you can learn every aspect of robotics, the different product life cycles, and also gain experience in the field. College is another great way to learn about robotics, as many institutions offer classes and degrees in robotics. Robotics is a very complex field, and it as multiple industries that it’s a part of. The robotics industry can offer employment to a wide range of people, even if their specialties do not include a degree in this field. Many people who have science degrees, physics, or even electronics degrees are employed in the field of robotics. Software is a part of robots that is not usually visible, yet engineers that design these software are very important and there are many jobs available for them. The future will be driven by software designers, and those who specialize in computer science. If one is passionate about robotics, it is recommended to take a course in a robotics elated field to learn more, and to find the different paths you can take in this field. By doing so, one can meet other people interested in robotics and share ideas and interests. Some universities do not offer specific robotics courses, but you can learn about robotics by taking engineering classes as well. Som e of the subjects that will allow you to learn more about robotics include computer science, mechanical engineering, and electronics engineering. It is always a good idea to spend time taking small courses to see if this field is the right career path, instead of diving into a three to four year degree without being sure it’s the right choice. Careers in Robotics | |Robot Service Engineer | |As a service engineer you would be responsible for installing, maintaining and fixing any faults with the robots. | |Qualifications: Often offered as a modern apprenticeship (Requiring GCSEs), a BTEC in electronics or an A-level in an engineering related | |subject. | |Product Consultant / Demonstrator | |If you are confident in presenting in front of a group then this job may be perfect for you. You would be required to learn everything | |about a companies and demonstrate it to a group of potential customers. | |Qualifications: This would depend on the specific company. If presenting is the primary role, an A-level in English would be beneficial. | | |Research Assistant | |If you are passionate about developing new robot technology and can demonstrate good analytical and practical skills you may be ideal for | |research. | |Qualifications: A-level, Higher education certificate, Degree or Masters in an engineering related subject. | Safety Working with robots will become more and more common, whether at home or in the workplace. With new developments in the robotics field, one of the problems that engineers are facing is safety. Safety is a concern that every industry has with their employees, and is now becoming a concern with robotics as well. One of the solutions that have arise regarding safety has been to prevent the user from coming into contact with the robot by using physical barriers to do so. While studying robot-human interaction, which is known as HRI, it has been found that removing these barriers will allow people to and robots to work together and cooperate in order to perform the required tasks. Robot systems that are able to perform HRI tasks will be considered as being safety-critical complex systems because of their size, behavior, functionality, and can even cause damage to their surroundings and to their operators. One of the objective when it comes to designing robots is to have the engineers work to achieve safety. Even if engineers design a safe robot, it an be hard to prove its safety by merely testing it. The Future of Robotics One aspect in which robotics has revolutionized the way we live has been the invention of the mobil phone. This invention changed the communication industry when it was introduced in the early 90’s. This simple device has sparked demand for wireless communication as well as portability in other devices. Knowing how robotics has changed the way we communicate, it can be predicted that robotics will have a great impact on the future as way especially in the areas of battery life and weight, artificial intelligence, and swarm robotics. Battery life is essential for mobil devices, and it can be seen as it is the largest part of the device, and the heaviest. In the uture, power sources will be reduced to allow a smaller device with longer battery life. The second area in which robotics will impact is artificial intelligence, or AI. So far many advances have been made in this field, but there is still much to be done. Currently, AI systems have been created to generate logic routine s at basic levels. In the future, AI software may be able to think or even act like humans. Swarm robotics is the last important area, and it refers to controlling multiple cooperating robots. This basically means that multiple robots will be able to do various tasks and at the same time be cooperating directly or indirectly to complete that task. This will help in employee a large amount of robots to complete one major task. Mobil Devices Google Images Artificial Intelligence Google Images Swarm Robotics Google Images Robots vs. Humans Robots are known to have skills that cannot be matched by humans. In some cases, robots perform one function, but in others robots can take on various tasks that will take the place of several employees. One good example is how electric shavers used to be assembled in the old days, by using hundreds of factory workers who perform this task by using only their hands. Now, these same tasks are performed by robot hands. These robots can perform the work at igher speeds than humans can, three sifts a day, 365 days a year, and without vacation, breaks, or sick days. The future of business is in robotics. Companies are now wanting to work with the robotics systems that electronics giants such as Apple are currently using. Because robots are coming down in price, and at the same time growing in sophis tication, it is believed that jobs will be lost. The success of robotics has jeopardized many jobs as so many tasks can be performed at a fraction of the time, higher quality, and at a fraction of the price. Even robot manufacturers have stated that in several applications robots are already more cost-effective than people. One ay to show this was seen in a company where a $250,000 robot replaced two machine operators, making $50,000 per year, and over the 15-year life of the system, the machines yielded $3. 5 million in labor and productivity savings. Robots are known for being a faster assembly line, and this is one of the main reasons they have been replacing so many factory workers, and giving companies more of a competitive advantage and savings. Conclusion Robotics has become a great part of society’s lives, and has even become essential in developing specialized tasks that need the constancy and preciseness of robots. Handling certain tasks could take excess amount of money and time that if performed by humans alone could ruin ompanies as they would not be competitive in the market. Robots provide us with the assistance needed to get the job done faster, and in a more productive way. This is the future and being a part of it makes it definitely better. References Wikipedia. (n. d. ). History of robots. Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/History_of_robots Robotics careers and education. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. razorrobotics. com/careers-and-education/ Future of robotics. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. razorrobotics. com/future-of-robotics/ Robot safety. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. razorrobotics. com/safety/ PLATT , J. R. (n. d. ). The real steel: Robotics careers ready to boom. Retrieved from http://www. todaysengineer. org/2012/Feb/career-focus. asp Advantages and disadvantages of robotics. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http:// 14wo. qataracademy. wikispaces. net/Advantages and disadvantages of robotics Advantages and disadvantages of automating with industrial robots. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. robots. com/blog/viewing/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-automating-with- industrial-robots MARKOFF, J. (n. d. ). Skilled work, without the worker. Retrieved from http://www. nytimes. com/ 2012/08/19/business/new-wave-of-adept-robots-is-changing-global-industry. html? pagewanted=all=0 How to cite Robotics, Essay examples

While considering the patient’s situation in the chosen case scenario

Question: What Do Considering the Patients Situation in the Chosen Case Scenario? Answer: Introducation: Levett Jones clinical reasoning cycle is an effective used by nurses to excel in practice. Nurse engage in problem solving and decision making process by means of collecting patients information, processing the information, interpreting patient issues, planning intervention, evaluating outcome and reflecting on the process. These are the key elements of the clinical reasoning cycle. Nurse with effective clinical judgment skills can facilitate positive outcome in patients., whereas those with poor clinical reasoning skill can contribute to medical errors. This reflects that competent professional practice is dependent not just on clinical knowledge but also on thinking abilities of patients (Levett-Jones Hoffman, 2013). The essay focuses on analyzing the case of Katie McConnell, a 23 years old patient with mild traumatic brain injury and completing the assessment of patient by means of the key elements of the clinical reasoning cycle. While considering the patients situation in the chosen case scenario, it has been found that Katie McConnell is a 23 year old woman who was admitted to the hospital after being hit by a slow moving care. Due to the accident, she had sustained a subdural haematoma. Subdural hematoma is a condition associated with traumatic brain injury where blood collects below the layer of the dura and the arachnoid mater. It may occur not only in patients with severe head injury, but also in patients with less severe head injuries. Patients with such head injury require emergency neurosurgical assessment and treatment (Lukasiewicz et al., 2016). Katie also has some post concussive symptoms of difficulty in recalling information. Considering this patient situation, it can be said that Katie has higher odds of poor outcome after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). This is because Bazarian et al., (2010) has shown that female has high probability of poor outcome after mTBI due to the disruption of est rogen and progesterone production. This indicates that mTBI affects the production of theses hormone leading to poorer outcome in females. Secondly, severity of injury is more in middle and elder age groups than in minor patients (Munivenkatappa et al., 2016). After observing the presenting condition of Katie, it is also necessary to collect other cues and information about patient by reviewing handover information of patients and identifying other information that may be relevant to the clinical presentation of Katie. The handover report related to vital signs of Katie were as follows HR 89, BP 142/78, SpO2 96%, RR 13. The Glasgow coma score of Katie was 14. The Glasgow Coma scale (GCS) determines the severity of the traumatic brain injury. It is based on the level of consciousness in person following a traumatic injury. It measures the cognitive function of an individual following injury such as eye opening, verbal response and motor response. The GSC score of 13-15 depicts mild traumatic brain injury, the GSC score of 9-12 reflects moderate brain injury and the score of 3-8 reveals severe brain injury (What Is the Glasgow Coma Scale, 2017). From the GSC score of Katie, it is understood that she has mild traumatic brain injury. This mean s that Katie may develop temporary or permanent neurological symptoms, which needs to be managed. Considering the vital sign report of patient, HR of 89 depicts that Kate has normal heart rate. This means she is stable currently. On the other hand, blood pressure of 142/78 suggests that Katie has high blood pressure. This might have occurred due to traumatic brain injury. The intracranial pressure and the blood pressure have relation and studies suggest that people with head injury mostly have high values of blood pressure (Mitchell et al., 2007). The SpO2 value of Katie and breathing rate of patients is normal. Some other vital information is missing in this case. For instance, mTBI leads to building up of the spinal fluid in the spaces of brain leading to increased pressure and swelling in the brain (Dang et al., 2015). However, no such detail is given for Katies case. Therefore, monitoring intracranial pressure is essential in Katies case. Secondly, TBI also has the possibility of causing brain infection due to entry of bacteria into the meninges and this has not been covered in Katies case. Injuries or damage to the cranial nerves also has the possibility affect facial sensation, vision, eye movement and facial muscle paralysis (Dethier et al., 2013). As this information is missing, Katies assessment should be done on monitoring these effect cranial nerve damage too. The next phase in the physical assessment of Katie is to process the information gained from hand over report and presenting symptoms of patients. The main presenting problem in patients according to handover report and initial assessment includes subdural hematoma, hypertension and cognitive problems such as difficulty in recalling information. It is expected that this problem have occurred mainly in patients due to head injury caused to her by motor vehicle collision. All these reflect the problems associated with people with traumatic brain injury. The problem in cognition is mainly seen in Katie because traumatic brain injury affects the connectivity of the brains and disrupts the function of areas associated with cognition (Fagerholm et al., 2015). The cognition is associated with attention and concentration, processing information, memory, communication, reasoning and problem solving. However after the traumatic brain injury, people have problem in attention, concentration, spe ech, memory and problems (Rabinowitz Levin, 2014). Hence, similar problem in concentration and memory was also seen in Katie. Accurate rehabilitation is needed to address this problem. The sudden blow to the head led to subdural hematoma in patients. This condition lead to symptoms of headache, confusion, changes in behavior and seizure in patients. Subdural hematoma was also the reason for her clinical presentation of difficulty in remembering recent information. It is necessary to check that this condition does not continue in patient for a longer period of time. Although Katie has mild traumatic brain injury which might not cause severe problem to patient, however this symptoms should be addressed so that serious complications does not develops in Katie post mild traumatic brain injury (Sivak et al., 2015). It is also necessary to analyze use of anticoagulants in patients before brain injury because this also has the chance of increasing intracranial complications (Foks et al., 2016). In such situation, knowing about the past medical history of Katie is important to prevent further complication. Inquiry about past medical history of Katie revealed that she suffe red from painful ankle because of playing football, however she did not took any painkiller for it. Hence, risk to patient due to use of anticoagulant is low and similar consideration should also be done during planning treatment for Katie. The critical reflection and judgment of patients present condition suggest that the main problem or issue in Katie is the presence of cognitive impairment in patient. In such condition, patient needs to be further assess regarding progress in subdural hematoma and mild traumatic brain injury. This might include continous assessment of neurological deficits by means of Glasgow Coma Scale. It an effective tool to assess the functional capacity of patient with traumatic brain injury and it would help to predict recovery in cognitive symptoms of patient. This form of detailed assessment will facilitate the development of systematic assistance and implementation of neurological rehabilitation for Katie (Vieira et al., 2015). The above mentioned problem of cognitive impairment as witnessed in mild traumatic injury patient is not observed in normal individual. This is mainly because normal individual do not sustain such injury and Katie has sustained such injury because of collision from a car. Such collision causes neurodegenerative damage to the brain. Neurochemical changes and changes in cerebral glucose metabolism is seem. This leads to permanent or temporary impairment, physical and psychosocial disorder accompanied with altered state of consciousness. Traumatic events cause the brain to move rapidly within the skull causing damage. The mild symptoms of traumatic brain injury such as headache, dizziness and nausea may proceed to long-term cognitive deficits in some individuals (Prins et al., 2013). Hence, the goal of treatment should be to reduce the risk of progressive neurodegenerative disease in patients like Katie. Considering the main problem observed in patients, the main physical assessment needed for Katie is to check her neurological impairment. Firstly, Montreal Cognitive Assessment technique can be used to assess the mild cognitive impairment in patients. The instrument has been found to give reliable results in detecting cognitive impairment in patients with persisting post-concussive symptoms after injury (Hunt Ouchterlony, 2014). Secondly, neuropsychological assessment will have important implications for patients, as it will determine the treatment and rehabilitation planning for Katie. This form of neuropsychological testing can be done by clinical interview with patients and then conducting several test in patient to assess cognitive and function domains. Clinical interview with patient consist of inquiry of patients education level, learning difficulty, psychological history, previous injuries and current cognitive issues of patuents. Neurosyschological testing uses scores of dif ferent tools to assess the cognitive functioning of patent (Kosaka, 2006). As Katie can have adverse neurological, psychological and psychosocial consequence due to subdural hematoma, this form of assessment will effectively quantify the deficit and facilitate early treatment for her. The essay demonstrated the use and application of the key elements of the clinical reasoning cycling in analyzing the clinical presentation of patients, identifying problem in patient and reflect on the appropriate technique to carry out comprehensive assessment of patient. This was done by means of the case scenario of Katie McConnell, who has sustained subdural hematoma after a car accident. The application of the clinical reasoning cycle helped in effectively reviewing handover information of patients, determining the cause of presenting symptoms and planning further assessment to check the progress and recovery of patient during the treatment process. Reference Bazarian, J. J., Blyth, B., Mookerjee, S., He, H., McDermott, M. P. (2010). 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